Congenital 10

A 5 year-old patient is referred to you for surgical evaluation after workup of heart failure symptoms revealed a patent ductus arteriosus. There are no other cardiac abnormalities. The patient undergoes preoperative cardiac catheterization, revealing bidirectional flow and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. What should the next step in surgical evaluation be?

7. A 11-month-old infant received a palliative operation followed by a corrective cardiac surgery early in life. Current echocardiogram reveals pulmonary artery stenosis and echogenicity suggestive of PA scarring. The most likely palliative operation patient received is:

Which shunt might be indicated in patients with pulmonary hypertension in order to increase their 6-minute walk:

6. All these conditions can be current indications for Pulmonary artery banding except in:

1. What of the following congenital heart defects would have a Qp:Qs <1?

20. What is a normal physiologic cardiac alteration during the fetal-neonatal transition?

11. What is not characteristic of Eisenmenger syndrome?

4. A 3.5 kg infant with Tricuspid Atresia has a modified BT shunt with 4.5 mm PTFE conduit. Spo2 is 95% with BP of 90/25 mmHg. The following stateme…

17. Which is the disadvantage of stenting the PDA versus surgical shunt creation includes?

All of the following can increase the right-to-left shunt in tetralogy of Fallot except:

Which of the following statements about tetralogy of Fallot is TRUE?

Which of the following additional cardiac defects is NOT associated with tetralogy of Fallot?

Which scenario represents the optimal time to operate on a patient with a VSD?

Which of the following is true regarding cardiac catheterization data from an 18-month old patient with a non-restrictive VSD?

Which of the following is a notable, significant complication of patch-repair of a VSD that one must consult his or her patient about:

Which of the following is true regarding medical management for VSD?

Which of the following is not a cyanotic heart lesion found at birth?

The surgical approach to a non-restrictive peri-membranous VSD is:

Which of the following is true regarding the pulmonary circulation in a 6 month old, healthy patient, who is being followed due to VSD?

Trans-catheter VSD closures is associated with